Accountability for Effectiveness in Global Governance

edited by John Kirton and Marina Larionova
available from Routledge, 2018

This book critically examines how effectively central global institutions comply with their commitments and how their effectiveness can be improved through accountability measures designed to raise compliance and deliver better results.

Expert contributors assess compliance and accountability at the key global institutions to provide an important resource for policymakers and scholars in political science, governance and accountability.

The table of contents and the supporting appendices, tables and figures are available here. They are listed in the order they are referred to in the book.

Part One: Introduction

1. Accountability and Effectiveness in Global Governance
   John Kirton and Marina Larionova
   • Appendix 1-A: Framework of Summit Accountability Measures and Causes
   • Appendix 1-B: Compliance Catalysts
   • Appendix 1-C: Scale of Compliance-Creating Enforcement Measures

Part Two: Global Economic Governance

2. Financial Regulation for Stability
   Andrew Baker and Kateryna Dzhaha
3. Governing the Gaps in Global Banking
   Vladimir Zuev and Anastasia Nevskaya
   • Table 3-1: Financial Transaction Tax in the United States — Budget Revenues

Part Three: Global Sustainable Development Governance

4. Governing Global Energy: Where Are We Heading?
   Victoria V. Panova
5. Climate Change Control through G7/8, G20 and UN Leadership
   John Kirton, Ella Kokotsis and Aurora Hudson
   • Appendix 5-A-1: G7/8 Climate Change Commitments by Subject
   • Appendix 5-A-2: G20 Climate Change Commitments by Subject
   • Appendix 5-B-1: G7/8 Compliance on Climate Change
   • Appendix 5-B-2: G20 Compliance on Climate Change and Energy
   • Appendix 5-C: List of Compliance Catalysts
   • Appendix 5-D: G7/8 Compilance Catalysts
   • Appendix 5-E-1: G7/8 Summit-Based Causes
   • Appendix 5-E-2: G20 Summit-Based Causes
   • Appendix 5-F-1: G7/8 Official Bodies
   • Appendix 5-F-2: G20 Official Bodies
   • Appendix 5-G: G7/8 Average Regression Results
6. Achieving Gender Equality through G7 and G20 Governance
   Julia Kulik
   • Appendix 6-A: G7/8 Gender Performance, 1975–2016
   • Appendix 6-B: G7/8 Leaders' Conclusions on Gender, 1975–2016
   • Appendix 6-C: G7/8 Compliance Gender Commitments
   • Appendix 6-D: G20 Gender Performance, 2008–2016
   • Appendix 6-E: G20 Leaders' Conclusions on Gender, 2008–2016
   • Appendix 6-F: G20 Compliance with Commitments on Gender
   • Appendix 6-G:Percentage of Total Female Population in G20 Countries
   • Appendix 6-H: G20 Female Labour Force Participation Rates
   • Appendix 6-I: Percentage of Seats Held by Women in National Parliaments
   • Appendix 6-J: G20 Public Opinion on Gender Equality
   • Appendix 6-K: G7/8 Compliance and Accountability Mechanisms

Part Four: Global Security Governance

7. Strengthening Regional Security through G7/8 Sanctions and Force
   John Kirton and Julia Kulik
   • Appendix 7-A: Choice of Instrument, Approval and Diplomatic Initiator
   • Appendix 7-C-1: G8 Regional Security Compliance – Force Cases
   • Appendix 7-C-2: G8 Regional Security Compliance – Sanctions Cases
   • Appendix 7-D: Causes
   • Appendix 7-E-1: G7/8 Leaders' Issue Iteration at Subsequent Summits
   • Appendix 7-E-2: G7/8 Foreign Ministers' Follow-up
   • Appendix 7-E-3: Surrounding NATO Summit Support – Conclusions
8. When States Misbehave: Membership Suspension in International Organizations
   Heidi Hardt and Brent E. Sasley
   • Table 8-1: Incidences of Membership Suspension: 1991–2014
   • Table 8-2: Membership Suspension across Five Regional Organizations (1991–2014)
   • Table 8-3: Regional Organization Rules on Membership Suspension
   • Table 8-4: Multilateral Sanctions Facilitated through International Organizations
   • Figure 8-1: Intraregional Trade as Share of Total Trade in 2010
   • Table 8-5: Largest Economies by Region
   • Table 8-6: Dates of Suspension and Readmission

Part Five: Accountability Mechanisms In Action

9. Comparing G7/8, G20 and BRICS Compliance
   Caroline Bracht and Hanh Nguyen
   • Appendix 9-A: G7/8 Commitments and Compliance
   • Appendix 9-B: G20 Commitments and Compliance
   • Appendix 9-C: BRICS Commitments and Compliance
   • Appendix 9-D: G7/8 Compliance Averages by Issue
   • Table 9-1: Multiple Regressions on G7/8 Compliance Catalysts
   • Table 9-2: Multiple Regressions on G20 Compliance Catalysts
10. Explaining G8 Compliance: Reciprocity, Institutionalization and Accountability
    Ben Cormier
    • Table 10-1: Summary of Appendix G7/8 Member States' Effect on Compliance of Other Members
    • Appendix 10-A: The Effect of a Member State's Compliance on Other Member States Compliance − Three Models
    • Table 10-2: Models of Compliance
    • Table 10-3: Compliance Effect of Each Independent Variable Interacted with an Accountability Mechanism
    • Appendix 10-B: Compliance Test Ranges
    • Table 10-4: Compliance by Policy Area
    • Appendix 10-C: Commitments Grouped by Policy Field
11. Explaining G20 and BRICS Compliance
Marina Larionova, Mark Rakhmangulov and Andrey Shelepov
• Figure 11-1: G20 and BRICS commitments, 2008–2015
• Table 11-1: G20 and BRICS Commitments by Issue Area, 2008–2015, %
• Figure 11-2: G20 and BRICS Compliance, 2008–2015
• Table 11-2: G20 and BRICS Compliance by Issue Area
• Table 11-3: G20 Commitments with Catalysts
• Table 11-4: BRICS Commitments with Catalysts
• Table 11-5: G20 Catalysts by Type
• Table 11-6: BRICS Catalysts by Type
• Table 11-7: G20 Catalysts by Type
• Table 11-8: G20 Commitments, Compliance Assessments and Monitored Commitments with Catalysts, 2008–2015
• Table 11-9: BRICS Commitments, Compliance Assessments and Monitored Commitments with Catalysts, 2009–2015
• Table 11-10: G20 Compliance Assessments, 2008–2015
• Table 11-11: BRICS Compliance Assessments, 2011–2015
• Table 11-12: G20 Compliance Performance by Issue Area, 2008–2015
• Table 11-13: BRICS Compliance Performance by Issue Areas, 2011–2015
• Table 11-14: G20 Compliance on Commitments by Catalyst Type
• Table 11-15: BRICS Compliance on Commitments by Catalyst Type
• Figure 11-3: G20 Priority and Self-Accountability Commitments, 2008–2014
• Figure 11-4: GBRICS Priority and Self-Accountability Commitments, 2008–20154
• Table 11-16: Compliance with G20 Priority Commitments
• Table 11-17: Compliance with BRICS Priority Commitments
12. The ICC G20 Business Scorecard
    Jeff Hardy and Louis Bonnier
• Table 12-1: Scorecards, 2012–2016
13. Accountability in International Children’s Non-governmental Organizations
    David C. Kirsch
    • Figure 13-1: Accountability Summary (Reasons, Accountability Mechanisms and Accountability Holders
    • Table 13-1: Top Reasons for Being Accountable by Accountability Mechanism and Charity Size
    • Table 13-2: Top Accountability Holders by Accountability Mechanism and Charity Size
    • Figure 13-2: Accountability for What Accountability Mechanisms?
    • Figure 13-3: Accountability Stakeholder Scores
    • Figure 13-4: Perceived Effects of Accountability on Organizational Behaviour
    • Figure 13-5: Perceived Effects of Accountability on Results
    • Figure 13-6: Perceived Effects of Accountability on Costs
14. Knowledge and Learning in the World Bank Assessing the Role, Challenges and Prospects for a More Accountable International Financial Institution
    Teresa Kramarz and Bessma Momani

Part Six: Conclusion

15. Strengthening Global Governance through Accountability
    John Kirton

About the Editors

John J. Kirton is a professor of political science and the Co-director of the G20 Research Group, the Global Health Diplomacy Program and the BRICS Research Group, and Director of the G7 Research Group, all based at Trinity College at the Munk School of Global Affairs at the University of Toronto.

Marina Larionova, PhD, is head of the Center for International Institutions Research of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration and Co-director of the BRICS Research Group.

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