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Appendix 5-C:
List of Compliance Catalysts

From Chapter 5: Climate Change Control through G7/8, G20 and UN Leadership, by John Kirton and Ella Kokotsis
In Accountability for Effectiveness in Global Governance
edited by John Kirton and Marina Larionova
available from Routledge, 2018

  1. Priority placement (PP) A commitment is highlighted in the preamble or is stated in the chair's summary is given a priority placement. Leaders may issue several collective documents only one of which might be an overall summary or statement of purpose; this document becomes the equivalent of the preamble in a single document.
  2. Past Reference to Summit (PPS) This refers to commitments that mention past summits. They are considered iterations.
  3. Past Reference to Ministerial (PPM) This refers to commitments that mention past ministerial meetings.
  4. Target (TA) A commitment refers to a set goal, percentage or numerical allocation is considered a target. It does not include time targets, which are considered time tables. It does include statements to fully implement a defined initiative because "fully" can be translated as 100%.
  5. Timetable single-year (TS) When a commitment refers to a time target, it is considered to include a time table. This can be short term (one year or less) or long term (more than one year). Some may include both short- and long-term break downs.
  6. Timetable multi-year (TM) When a commitment refers to a time target, it is considered to include a time table. A long-term timetable is more than one year. Some may include "by the next summit," "by 2015" and specific dates. It also includes references to words and phrases such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which include well-known time targets.
  7. Self-monitoring (SM) These refer to commitments where the institution in question pledges to monitor their actions on the said commitment. They could pledge to "monitor," or provide a report, to follow up on said promises.
  8. Remit mandate (RM) These include commitments that refer to future assessment by leaders of progress made on a commitment, most often at a future summit.
  9. Money mobilized (MM) When a commitment refers to funds or a set dollar value it is considered money mobilized… It is also money mobilized when there is a commitment to "increase financial support" to a specific issue.
  10. Specified Agent (SA) A commitment that refers to a specific agent through which it will work with is considered to involve an agent. Even if the agent is not capitalized but the text describes a known particular thing, it is included as a specific agent. Also if the commitment generally refers to an agent to implement a specific action.
  11. Institutional Body (IB) A commitment that refers to an institution that was created by the summit level body to deal with the particular issue area.
  12. Core International Organization (CIO) When a commitment refers to a separate international organization (as an organization) that has a particular focus on the issue in the commitment at hand. When the organization is mentioned by name in relation to implementing an initiative under their control.
  13. Other International Organization (OIO) When a commitment refers to a separate international organization (as an organization) that is not the core international organization for the issue in the commitment at hand.
  14. Regional Organization (RO) When a commitment refers to a regional organization.
  15. International Law (IL) International law includes both general references to international law and references to specific legal instruments (Kyoto, for example). Codified law, and customary law, are included.
  16. Ministers (Min) Commitment refers to a group of ministers.
  17. International Organization Accountability Request (IOAR) Refers to commitments that ask international organizations to monitor the groups' compliance with the commitment.
  18. Civil Society (CS) Commitments that make general reference to working with civil society.
  19. Private Sector (PS) Commitments that make general reference to working with the private sector, public-private partnerships, business (including the pharmaceutical industry).
  20. Country or Regional Specification (C/RS) Commitments that make references to working with or in a particular country or region, such as Africa.
  21. Surveillance (SUR) The commitment requests for the action or issue to be monitored in order to collect data.
  22. International Organization Surveillance (IOS) The commitment requests a specific international organization to monitor the issue, not the implementation of the commitment but to provide data collection in a specific area.
  23. Core/Other International Organization (C/OIO) When a commitment refers to both the core, and other international organizations.

Note: Definitions taken from J. Kirton et al. (2015), Reference Manual for Summit Commitment and Compliance Coding. Global Governance Program, University of Toronto.

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